Ace the IGCSE Sociology Unit 2 Test 2026 – Dive Into Culture, Identity & Socialization!

This question tests the distinction between biological sex and gender. Being described as male or female based on biological indicators like XX and XY chromosomes is about biology, not social role. The term that fits this description is sex, which refers to the biological differences between males and females, including chromosomes, anatomy, and hormones.

Gender, by contrast, refers to social identity, roles, and expectations that a culture assigns to people. A role is the function or duties someone is expected to perform within a society, and social class relates to economic and social position. So the statement points to biological sex rather than gender, roles, or class.